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Petroleum, Bitumen, GHS symbols

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GHS symbols

“Flame” - GHS02

Possible effects:
Flammable; liquids form explosive mixtures with air; produce flammable gases with water or are self-igniting.

Safety precautions:
Keep away from open flames and heat sources; close containers tightly; store in a fire-safe place.

“Exclamation mark” - GHS07

Possible effects:
Causes damage to health, irritates eyes, skin or respiratory organs. Causes death in larger quantities.

Safety precautions:
Do not inhale, touch, swallow. Wear protective clothing. Call a poison centre or a doctor immediately. Stable recovery position; in case of skin irritation or eye contact, rinse with water or suitable agent.

“Health hazard” - GHS08

Possible effects:
May be allergenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, toxic for reproduction and reprotoxic or harmful to organs.

Safety precautions:
Before working with such substances, inform yourself well; wear protective clothing and gloves, eye and mouth protection or respiratory protection.

“Environment” - GHS09

Possible effects:
Harmful to aquatic organisms, toxic or very toxic, acute or long-term effects.

Safety precautions:
Only to be disposed of as hazardous waste - never allow to enter the environment.

Terms

Bitumen

(lat. for earth pitch) is a mixture of various organic substances – mainly carbon and hydrogen – and is obtained from petroleum by vacuum distillation. Bitumen is black, viscous to hard, sticky, and has a sealing effect. It is practically insoluble in water and is therefore used to protect sensitive materials and components against water. Bitumen is only soluble in hydrocarbons of the same origin, i.e., petrol, oil, diesel, as well as in many other organic solvents (e.g., benzene, toluene). With increasing temperature, it changes its consistency, i.e., the material, which is initially hard and tough, becomes soft and viscous as it heats up, and between 150 ° and 200 °C it becomes a thin fluid. When overheated, it loses its plastic properties and slowly begins to decompose.

For more information, see the link: Wikipedia encyclopaedia – “Bitumen”

This article is based on the article Bitumen from the free encyclopedia Wikipedia and is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. A list of authors is available on Wikipedia. Item bitumen. In: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Edit status: October 11, 2006, 20:14 UTC.
URL: https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bitumen&oldid=22487051
(Accessed: October 24, 2006, 07:50 UTC)

Tar

(from Middle Low German: tere, which belongs to the tree) is a viscous, brown to deep black sticky mass consisting of organic compounds, which is obtained during the carbonisation or coking (pyrolysis) of coal, peat or wood. Tar can originate from various organic compounds, e.g., there is lignite tar, slate tar, wood tar and low-temperature tar, which is produced during the smouldering of hard coal. High-temperature tar (coking tar), which is produced as a black, viscous liquid when hard coal is carbonised, is particularly important. In earlier centuries, tar was used to seal wood in shipbuilding. Today, tar is an extremely valuable raw material, especially for the chemical industry.

For more information, see the link: Wikipedia encyclopaedia – “Tar”

This article is based on the article Bitumen from the free encyclopedia Wikipedia and is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. A list of authors is available on Wikipedia. Item bitumen. In: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Edit status: October 11, 2006, 20:14 UTC.
URL: https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teer&oldid=22082018
(Accessed: October 24, 2006, 08:51 UTC)

Petroleum

is a lipophilic mixture of substances stored in the earth's crust, mainly consisting of hydrocarbons, which was created by conversion processes of organic substances. Petroleum is currently the most important raw material in modern industrial societies, and it is of outstanding economic importance for the production of fuels and for the chemical industry.

Its colour and consistency vary from transparent and thin to deep black and thick. Due to the sulphur compounds, petroleum has a characteristic odour. Some types of petroleum fluoresce when irradiated with ultraviolet light.

For more information, see the link: Wikipedia encyclopaedia – “Petroleum”

This article is based on the article Bitumen from the free encyclopedia Wikipedia and is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. A list of authors is available on Wikipedia. Item bitumen. In: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Edit status: October 11, 2006, 20:14 UTC.
URL: https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Erdöl&oldid=22848043
(Accessed: October 24, 2006, 09:24 UTC)

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